The lettuce should be chopped and placed in a big bowl or salad spinner after being thoroughly rinsed and drained. Lettuce should be dried (if you have the time you can wrap the lettuce in paper towels and refrigerate briefly to help it crisp up).

In a bowl, combine the lettuce, shallots, and lemon zest.

Olive oil, lemon juice, kosher salt, and black pepper are used for seasoning. Combine by tossing.

Re-toss after adding the optional Parmesan cheese and red pepper flakes. Serve.